4. Mortality and suicide rates

• Treatment and suicide in severe depression: a case-control study of antidepressant therapy at last contact before suicide. Bradvik L & Berglund M. December 2000, J of ECT, 16(4):399-408.
  • A survey of treatment in 89 people who committed suicide compared to 89 controls showed no difference in antidepressant or ECT prescription and no difference in response to treatment. However in the post ECT group there was an increased rate of suicide for those not on maintenance antidepressants.
• Abrams R (1997), The mortality rate with ECT. Convulsive Therapy, 13(3):125-127
• Guze SB, Robins E (1970), Suicide and primary affective disorder. Brit J Psych. 117:437-448
• Houston PE, Locher LM (1948). Involutional psychosis: course when untreated and treated with electric shock. Arch neurol. Psychiatry, 60, 37-48.
• Inskip H, Harris E, Barraclough B (1998), Lifetime risk of suicide for affective disorder, alcoholism and schizophrenia. Brit J Psych. 172, 35-37.
• King E (1999), Suicide in the mentally ill. An epidemiological sample and implications for clinicians, Brit J Psych. 165(5):658-63.
• Milstein V, Small JG, Small IF et al. (1986). Does electroconvulsive therapy prevent suicide? Convulsive therapy, 2, 3-6
• Murphy E, Smith R, Lindesay J, Slattery J (1988), Increased mortality rates in late-life depression. Brit. J Psych. 152.347-53, March.
• Philibert RA, Richards L, Lynch CF, Winokur G (1995), Effect of ECT on mortality and clinical outcome in geriatric unipolar depression. J Clin Psychiatry 56:390-4.
• Prudic J, Sackeim HA (1999). Electroconvulsive therapy and suicide risk. Journal of clinical psychiatry, 60 (suppl 2), 104-110.
• Rich CL, Spiker DG, Jewell SW et al. (1986). Response of energy and suicidal ideation to ECT. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 47, 31-32.